Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change

Julian Witjaksono; Asmin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change

Julian Witjaksono, Asmin

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 12 July 2016 Accepted: 28 July 2016 Published: 7 September 2016

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Abstract

The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher’s critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15
Page(s)	170-180
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cocoa, Smallholders, Climate Change, Sustainable Intensification

References

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Julian Witjaksono, Asmin. (2016). Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(5), 170-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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Julian Witjaksono; Asmin. Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agric. For. Fish. 2016, 5(5), 170-180. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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Julian Witjaksono, Asmin. Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agric For Fish. 2016;5(5):170-180. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15,
  author = {Julian Witjaksono and Asmin},
  title = {Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {170-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20160505.15},
  abstract = {The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher’s critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change
AU  - Julian Witjaksono
AU  - Asmin
Y1  - 2016/09/07
PY  - 2016
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T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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AB  - The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher’s critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
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Julian Witjaksono

The Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, the Indonesia’s Agency for Agriculture Research and Development, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Asmin

The Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, the Indonesia’s Agency for Agriculture Research and Development, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

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Julian Witjaksono, Asmin. (2016). Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(5), 170-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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Julian Witjaksono; Asmin. Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agric. For. Fish. 2016, 5(5), 170-180. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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Julian Witjaksono, Asmin. Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change. Agric For Fish. 2016;5(5):170-180. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15,
  author = {Julian Witjaksono and Asmin},
  title = {Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {170-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20160505.15},
  abstract = {The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher’s critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cocoa Farming System in Indonesia and Its Sustainability Under Climate Change
AU  - Julian Witjaksono
AU  - Asmin
Y1  - 2016/09/07
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 170
EP  - 180
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160505.15
AB  - The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher’s critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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