Background: Approximately seventy-five percent of the deaths that occur in children excluding neonatal deaths in sub-Sahara Africa result from preventable and curable diseases like pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria. A hospital-based mortality and mortality pattern can be used to appraise the demographic profile and burden of disease in a community. AIM: To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of children admitted into the PMW of BHUTH, Jos. Methodology: This was a retrospective study. Admissions into the paediatric medical ward of Bingham University Teaching hospital, Jos between October 2017 to Octorber 2018 were reviewed, with data from the admission and discharge records of the ward. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical clearance was gotten from the ethical committee of the hospital. Results: A total of 357 children aged 1 month-15 years were admitted over the study period, of these, 189 (52.9%) were males, and 168 (47.1%) were females with a male:female ratio of 1.1:1. The age range was 1-168 months. Two hundred and twenty-seven (63.6%) of the children were under 5 years old. The major cause of mortality in children less than 5 years of age were BPN, Sepsis and malaria with 2 (18.2%) each respectively. The cause of morbidity was majorly due to malaria 70 (20.2%), followed by various crisis of SCA 42 (12%). The highest case fatality rate was from viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) with 28%, followed by Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) and Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) with complications each having 15.4% respectively. The length of hospital stay was inversely proportional to mortality and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.58, p < 0.00). The trend of sex distribution and morbidities showed that the month with the highest morbidity was in October 2017 with 44 admissions, the highest number of male morbidities was in January, 2018 with 26 males, while the month with the highest number of morbidities for females was in October 2017 with 21 patients. Out of all the 357 admissions, (92.7%) were discharged, (2.2%) left against medical advice, (0.6%) were referred, while (4.5%) died. Conclusion: The burden of paediatric morbidity and mortality is on children under 5 years and the causes are mainly preventable. An emphasis and focus on malaria eradication, vaccination and other child survival strategies will help to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality.
| Published in | American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 7, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11 |
| Page(s) | 51-55 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Paediatric, Morbidity, Mortality, Medical, Jos
| [1] | Bonita FS, Richard EB. Overview of Pediatrics: In kligeman RM, Behrman RE, Schor NF, St. Geme lll JW and Santon BF. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19 ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2011: 1-13. |
| [2] | Mathers CD, Boerma T, Fat DM. Global and regional causes of death. Br Med Bull 2009; 92: 7–32. |
| [3] | Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, et al. Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards millennium development goal 4. Lancet. 2010; 375 (9730): 1988–2008. |
| [4] | Black RE, Morris SS, Bryce J. Where and why are 10 million children dying each year? The Lancet. 2003; 361: 2226-2234. |
| [5] | Park K. Indicators of health. In: Park K, ed. Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 17th ed. Jabalpur, India: M/S Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers. 2002; p21-24. |
| [6] | Organization WH. World health statistics 2010: World Health Organization; 2010. |
| [7] | Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 1969–87 |
| [8] | Duke T, Yano E, Hutchinson A, Hwaihwanje I, Aipit J, Tovilu M, et al. Large-scale data reporting of paediatric morbidity and mortality in developing countries : it can be done. 2015; 1–6. |
| [9] | George IO, Tabansi PN. An audit of cases in the children emergency ward in a Nigerian Tertiary Tospital. Pak J Med Sci 2010; 26: 740-3. |
| [10] | Abhulimhen-Iyoha BI, Okolo AA. Morbidity and mortality of childhood illnesses at the emergency paediatric unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city. Niger J Paediatr 2012; 39: 1-74. |
| [11] | So O, Ao F, Oa O, Oa O. Pattern of childhood morbidities and outcome of childhood admissions in a Nigerian public secondary healthcare facility. 2018; 4 (2): 162–73. |
| [12] | Toma BO, Gyang M, Abdu H, Shwe D, Ekere IA, Ihekaike M. Paediatric Morbidity and Mortality in a Suburban Hospital in Jos, North -Central Nigeria. 2015; 5 (2): 156–64. |
| [13] | Anyanwu OU, Ezeanosike OB, Ezeonu CT. Pattern and outcome of admissions at the children emergency room at the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. 2014; 13 (1): 6–10. |
| [14] | Bryce J, Boschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet. 2005; 365: 1147-1152. |
| [15] | Fajolu I, Egri-Okwaji M. Childhood mortality in children emergency Centre of the Lagos University teaching hospital. Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics. 2011; 38 (3): 131–5. |
| [16] | Molyneux E, Ahmad S, Robertson A. Improved triage and emergency care for children reduces inpatient mortality in a resource-constrained setting. Bull World Health Organ. 2006; 84: 314–9. |
| [17] | Abebe T, Girmay M. The epidemiological profile of pediatric patients admitted to the general intensive care unit in an ethiopian university hospital. International Journal of General medicine. 2015; 8: 63. |
| [18] | Okechukwu A, Nwalozie C. Morbidity and mortality pattern of admissions into the emergency Paediatric unit of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada. Nigerian Journal of Medicine: Journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria. 2011; 20: 109–13. |
| [19] | Ikefuna AN, Emodi IJ. Some characteristics of Paediatric admission at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2007; 10: 216-9. |
| [20] | George IO. Mortality Pattern in Children : A Hospital Based Study in Nigeria. 2009; 5 (4): 369–72. |
| [21] | Bilkisu GI, Aminu MS, Sunday OO, Bassey E, Smart A, Muyideen AB. Original Article Pattern of medical childhood morbidity and mortality in a new specialist hospital in Gusau, Nigeria. 2014; 8 (1): 15–9. |
| [22] | Adhikari J, Belbase M, Bahl L. Demographic Profile and Childhood Morbidity Pattern in Western Nepal. 2014; 12 (2): 20–3. |
| [23] | Gordon DM, Frenning S, Draper HR, Kokeb M. Prevalence and Burden of Diseases Presenting to a General Pediatrics Ward in Gondar, Ethiopia. 2013; 59 (5). |
| [24] | Chukwu BF, Chinawa JM, Ikefuna AN, Emodi IJ. Pattern and outcome of paediatric medical admissions at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu: A five year retrospective review (2007 – 2011). Niger J Paed. 2013; 40: 354–359. |
| [25] | Mouneke UV, Ibekwe RC, Eke CB, Ibekwe MU, Chinawa JM. Mortality among paediatric inpatients in Mile 4 Mission hospital Abakaliki, south-eastern Nigeria: A Hospital retrospective study. Niger J Paed. 2013; 40: 259–263. |
| [26] | Fetuga B, Ogunlesi T, Adekanmbi F, Olarewaju D, Olowu A. Comparative analyses of childhood deaths in Sagamu, Nigeria: implications for the fourth MDG. SAJCH. 2007; 1: 106–111. |
| [27] | Nigeria Centre for disease control-Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers. [cited 2019 29th April]; Available from: http://ncdc.gov.ng/disease/info/V/ |
| [28] | Duru C, Peterside O, Akinbami F. Pattern and outcome of admissions as seen in the paediatric emergency ward of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Niger J Paed. 2013; 40: 232-237. |
APA Style
Shehu Maryam, Davou Kaneng Nyam, Ubanyi Tina Onyeka, Mava Yakubu, Eseigbe Edwin Ehi, et al. (2019). Morbidity and Mortality Statistics in Paediadric Medical Ward of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 7(3), 51-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11
ACS Style
Shehu Maryam; Davou Kaneng Nyam; Ubanyi Tina Onyeka; Mava Yakubu; Eseigbe Edwin Ehi, et al. Morbidity and Mortality Statistics in Paediadric Medical Ward of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2019, 7(3), 51-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11
AMA Style
Shehu Maryam, Davou Kaneng Nyam, Ubanyi Tina Onyeka, Mava Yakubu, Eseigbe Edwin Ehi, et al. Morbidity and Mortality Statistics in Paediadric Medical Ward of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Am J Intern Med. 2019;7(3):51-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11,
author = {Shehu Maryam and Davou Kaneng Nyam and Ubanyi Tina Onyeka and Mava Yakubu and Eseigbe Edwin Ehi and Yakubu Alhassan Mela},
title = {Morbidity and Mortality Statistics in Paediadric Medical Ward of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos},
journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
volume = {7},
number = {3},
pages = {51-55},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20190703.11},
abstract = {Background: Approximately seventy-five percent of the deaths that occur in children excluding neonatal deaths in sub-Sahara Africa result from preventable and curable diseases like pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria. A hospital-based mortality and mortality pattern can be used to appraise the demographic profile and burden of disease in a community. AIM: To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of children admitted into the PMW of BHUTH, Jos. Methodology: This was a retrospective study. Admissions into the paediatric medical ward of Bingham University Teaching hospital, Jos between October 2017 to Octorber 2018 were reviewed, with data from the admission and discharge records of the ward. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical clearance was gotten from the ethical committee of the hospital. Results: A total of 357 children aged 1 month-15 years were admitted over the study period, of these, 189 (52.9%) were males, and 168 (47.1%) were females with a male:female ratio of 1.1:1. The age range was 1-168 months. Two hundred and twenty-seven (63.6%) of the children were under 5 years old. The major cause of mortality in children less than 5 years of age were BPN, Sepsis and malaria with 2 (18.2%) each respectively. The cause of morbidity was majorly due to malaria 70 (20.2%), followed by various crisis of SCA 42 (12%). The highest case fatality rate was from viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) with 28%, followed by Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) and Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) with complications each having 15.4% respectively. The length of hospital stay was inversely proportional to mortality and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.58, p < 0.00). The trend of sex distribution and morbidities showed that the month with the highest morbidity was in October 2017 with 44 admissions, the highest number of male morbidities was in January, 2018 with 26 males, while the month with the highest number of morbidities for females was in October 2017 with 21 patients. Out of all the 357 admissions, (92.7%) were discharged, (2.2%) left against medical advice, (0.6%) were referred, while (4.5%) died. Conclusion: The burden of paediatric morbidity and mortality is on children under 5 years and the causes are mainly preventable. An emphasis and focus on malaria eradication, vaccination and other child survival strategies will help to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality.},
year = {2019}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Morbidity and Mortality Statistics in Paediadric Medical Ward of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos AU - Shehu Maryam AU - Davou Kaneng Nyam AU - Ubanyi Tina Onyeka AU - Mava Yakubu AU - Eseigbe Edwin Ehi AU - Yakubu Alhassan Mela Y1 - 2019/06/12 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11 T2 - American Journal of Internal Medicine JF - American Journal of Internal Medicine JO - American Journal of Internal Medicine SP - 51 EP - 55 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-4324 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190703.11 AB - Background: Approximately seventy-five percent of the deaths that occur in children excluding neonatal deaths in sub-Sahara Africa result from preventable and curable diseases like pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria. A hospital-based mortality and mortality pattern can be used to appraise the demographic profile and burden of disease in a community. AIM: To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of children admitted into the PMW of BHUTH, Jos. Methodology: This was a retrospective study. Admissions into the paediatric medical ward of Bingham University Teaching hospital, Jos between October 2017 to Octorber 2018 were reviewed, with data from the admission and discharge records of the ward. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical clearance was gotten from the ethical committee of the hospital. Results: A total of 357 children aged 1 month-15 years were admitted over the study period, of these, 189 (52.9%) were males, and 168 (47.1%) were females with a male:female ratio of 1.1:1. The age range was 1-168 months. Two hundred and twenty-seven (63.6%) of the children were under 5 years old. The major cause of mortality in children less than 5 years of age were BPN, Sepsis and malaria with 2 (18.2%) each respectively. The cause of morbidity was majorly due to malaria 70 (20.2%), followed by various crisis of SCA 42 (12%). The highest case fatality rate was from viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) with 28%, followed by Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) and Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) with complications each having 15.4% respectively. The length of hospital stay was inversely proportional to mortality and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.58, p < 0.00). The trend of sex distribution and morbidities showed that the month with the highest morbidity was in October 2017 with 44 admissions, the highest number of male morbidities was in January, 2018 with 26 males, while the month with the highest number of morbidities for females was in October 2017 with 21 patients. Out of all the 357 admissions, (92.7%) were discharged, (2.2%) left against medical advice, (0.6%) were referred, while (4.5%) died. Conclusion: The burden of paediatric morbidity and mortality is on children under 5 years and the causes are mainly preventable. An emphasis and focus on malaria eradication, vaccination and other child survival strategies will help to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality. VL - 7 IS - 3 ER -
Email: