Nowadays, nursing is an effective and indispensable member of the health team both in Turkey and in the world. Because people need care practices any point their life experiences that end in health, well-being, discomfort, disease and death. While palliative care practices, which are seen as key point of nursing practices among care needs, are only care for patients in the last stage of life, it is opinion that it is necessary to reduce the pain level and improve the quality of life according to the palliative care principles. Recent cancer patients constitute a significant part of patients receiving palliative care and have problems due to symptoms caused by chemotherapy treatment. Pain is the most feared outcome of these symptoms. Pharmacological treatment, pain, community, despite various educational practices, patients often complain of problem. It is important to create complementary and integrated approaches to palliative care for pain, which significantly affects the daily living activities and quality of life of patients. In addition, complementary and integrated care practices in palliative care help to prevent nursing from being a job-oriented profession and to focus on nursing role and practices, not medical applications.
Published in | American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 6) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11 |
Page(s) | 100-109 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Pain, Cancer, Palliative Care, Complementary and İntegrated Approaches
[1] | Yıldırım, Y. (2017). Palyatif bakımda hemşirelik çalışmaları. Türkiye Klinikleri J Anest Reanim-Special Topics, 10 (1), 49-56. https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-palyatif-bakimda-hemsirelik-calismalari-77599.html |
[2] | Arslan Özkan, H. (2017). Hemşirelikte Bilim, Felsefe ve Bakımın Temelleri. İstanbul: Akademi Basım Yayınevi. |
[3] | Tarakçıoğlu, Ç. (2016). Onkoloji hemşireliğinde semptom yönetimi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (4), 93-100. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309609614_Onkoloji_Hemsireliginde_Semptom_Yonetimi |
[4] | Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., Jemal, A. (2017). Cancer statistics 2017. CA Cancer J Clin, 67 (7), 30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21387. |
[5] | Cedar, S. H., White, M., Atwal, A. (2018). The efficacy of complementary therapy for patients receiving palliative cancer care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing, 24 (3), 146-51. doi: 10.12968/ijpn.2018.24.3.146. |
[6] | Aydoğan, F., ve Uygun, K. (2011). Kanser hastalarında palyatif tedaviler. Klinik Gelişim, 24 (3), 4-9. Available from: http://www.klinikgelisim.org.tr/kg_243/2.pdf |
[7] | Ehsani, M., Taleghani, F., Hematti, S., et al. (2016). Perceptions of patients, families, physicians and nurses regarding challenges in cancer disclosure: A descriptiv equalitative study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 25, 55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2016.09.003. |
[8] | Yıldırım, Y. K., Uyar, M., Fadıloğlu, Ç. (2005). Kanser ağrısı ve yaşam kalitesine etkisi. Ağrı, 17 (4), 17-22. Available from: https://www.journalagent.com/agri/pdfs/AGRI-88598-REVIEW-KUZEYLI_YILDIRIM.pdf |
[9] | Kim, K. S., Loring, S., Kwekkeboom, K. (2018). Use of art-making ıntervention for pain and quality of life among cancer patients: A systematic review. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 36 (4), 341-53. doi: 10.1177/089801011772663. |
[10] | Beuken, V., Everdingen, V., De Rijke, J. M. (2007). Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: A systematic review of the past 40 years. Ann Oncol, 18 (1), 1437–49. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdm056. |
[11] | Kara, B., ve Fesci, H. (2008). Kanserde öz-bakım ve yaşam kalitesi. Hematoloji-Onkoloji, 6 (4), 124-29. |
[12] | Breivik, H., Cherny, N., Collett, B. (2009). Cancerrelated pain: a pan-European survey of prevalence, treatment, and patient attitudes. Ann Oncol, 20 (8), 1420-33. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdp001. |
[13] | Uysal, N., Şenel, G., Karaca, Ş., et al. (2015). Palyatif bakım kliniğinde yatan hastalarda görülen semptomlar ve palyatif bakımın semptom kontrolüne etkisi. Ağrı, 27 (2), 104-10. doi: 10.5505/agri.2015.26214. |
[14] | Beuken, V., Van Everdingen, M. H., Hochstenbach, L. M., et al. (2016). Update on prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage, 51, 1070–90. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.12.340. |
[15] | Arslan, S., ve Çelebioğlu, A. (2010). Postoperatif ağrı yönetimi ve alternatif uygulamalar. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (1), 1-7. Available from: file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/145-434-1-PB.pdf |
[16] | Sucaklı, M. H. (2014). Palyatif bakım ve yaşam kalitesi. Türkiye Klinikleri J Fam Med-Special Topics, 5 (3), 109-13. Available from: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-palyatif-bakim-ve-yasam-kalitesi-69340.html |
[17] | Hökkä, M., Kaakinen, P., Pölkki, T. A. (2014). Systematic review: Nonpharmacological interventions in treating pain in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70, 1954-69. doi: 10.1111/jan.12424. |
[18] | Ovayolu, Ö., ve Ovayolu, N. (2017). Palyatif bakım alan kanser hastalarının ağrı yönetiminde integratif yaklaşımlar. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 4 (3), 54-64. Available from: http://hacettepehemsirelikdergisi.org/pdf/pdf_HHD_247.pdf |
[19] | Öztorun, H. S., ve Aras, S. (2018). Palyatif bakım nedir?. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Geriatrics-Special Topics, 4 (1), 1-6. Available from: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-palyatif-bakim-nedir-81299.html |
[20] | World Health Organization. (2008). World Alliance for Patient Safety Forward Programme 2008-2009. 1st ed. France;. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70460/1/WHO_IER_PSP_2008.04_eng.pdf |
[21] | World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Definition of Palliative Care. USA;. Available from: http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en/ |
[22] | Kabalak, A. A., Öztürk, H., Çağıl, H. (2013). Yaşam sonu bakım organizasyonu: Palyatif bakım. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, 11 (2), 56-70. Available from: http://www.yogunbakimdergisi.org/managete/fu_folder/2013-02/html/2013-11-2-056-070.htm |
[23] | Kozier, B., Berman, A., Snyder, S., et al. (2008). Fundamentals Of Nursing Concepts, Process and Practice. 8nd.ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. |
[24] | Özveren, H. (2011). Ağrı kontrolünde farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 1 (1), 83-92. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/88510 |
[25] | Aştı, A. T., ve Karadağ, A. (2016). Hemşirelik Esasları: Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı. İstanbul: Akademi Basın ve Yayıncılık. |
[26] | Başaranoğlu, G., Başaranoğlu M, Erden V, Delatioğlu H., et al. (2006). The effects of valsalva manoeuvres on venepuncture pain. Eur J Anaesthesiol, 23, 591-93. doi: 10.1017/S0265021506000160. |
[27] | Kılıç, M., ve Öztunç, G. (2012). Ağrı kontrolünde kullanılan yöntemler ve hemşirenin rolü. Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 7, 35-51. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288542856_Agri_kontrolunde_kullanilan_yontemler_ve_hemsirenin_rolu |
[28] | Akça, N. K., ve Arslan, D. (2015). Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan 65 yaş altı bireylerde ağrı ve baş etme yöntemleri. Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi, 24, 278-82. doi: 10.5262/tndt.2015.1003.04. |
[29] | Aslan FE. (2014). Ağrı Doğası ve Kontrolü. Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitabevi. |
[30] | Demir, Y. (2016). Ağrı ve yönetimi. İçinde: Aştı, T. A., Karadağ, A., editörler. Hemşirelik Esasları: Hemşirelik Bilimi ve Sanatı. 1. baskı. İstanbul: Akademi Basın ve Yayıncılık;. ss. 625-62. |
[31] | Blyth, F. M., March LM, Nicholas MK, et al. (2005). Self management of chronic pain: A population-based study. Pain, 112, 285-92. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.004. |
[32] | Bacaksız, D. B., Çöçeli, P. L., Ovayolu, N., et al. (2008). Hastaya bakım veren sağlık çalışanlarının ağrı kontrolünde uyguladıkları girişimlerin değerlendirilmesi. Ağrı. 2008; 20: 26-36. Available from: https://www.journalagent.com/agri/pdfs/AGRI_20_3_26_36.pdf |
[33] | Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2001). Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. |
[34] | Satija, A., & Bhatnagar, S. (2017). Complementary therapies for symptom management in cancer patients. Indian J Palliat Care, 23 (4), 468-79. doi: 10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_100_17. |
[35] | Pan, Y., Yang, K., Shi, X. (2018). Clinical benefits of acupuncture for the reduction of hormone therapy-related side effects in breast cancer patients: A systematic review. Integr Cancer Ther, 17 (3), 602-18. doi: 10.1177/1534735418786801. |
[36] | Deng, G., Rusch, V., Vickers, A. (2008). Randomized controlled trial of a special acupuncture technique for pain after thoracotomy. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 136, 1464-69. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.07.053. |
[37] | Chen, H., Liu, T. Y., Kuai, L., et al. (2013). Electro- acupuncture treatment for pancreatic cancer pain: A randomized controlled trial. Pancreatology, 13, 594–97. doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.10.007. |
[38] | Tofthagen, C., Boses, S., Healy, G., et al. (2015). Evaluation of group acupuncture for cancer-related symptoms: A retrospective analysis. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 18 (10), 878-80. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0143. |
[39] | Chiu, H. Y., Hsieh, Y. J., Tsai, P. S. (2017). Systematic review and meta analysis of acupuncture to reduce cancer related pain. European Journal of Cancer Care, 26 (2), 24-57. doi: 10.1111/ecc.12457. |
[40] | Price, S., & Price, L. (2007). Aromatherapy for Health Professionals. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences. |
[41] | Buckle, J. (2015). Clinical Aromatherapy: Essential Oils in Practice. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences. |
[42] | Ceyhan, D, ve Yiğit, T. T. (2016). Güncel tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıbbi tedavilerin sağlık uygulamalarındaki yeri. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6 (3), 178-89. doi: 5000127982/5000179908. |
[43] | Bilgiç, Ş. (2017). Hemşirelikte holistik bir uygulama: Aromaterapi. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi, 5 (3), 134-41. https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/392598 |
[44] | Babashahi Kohanestani, F., Ahmadi, F., Memarian, R. (2013). The effect of Lavender aromatherapy program on the pain intensity of patients with AML undergoing chemotherapy. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, 11 (3), 1-10. Available from: http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1265-en.html |
[45] | Singh, P., & Chaturvedi, A. (2015). Complementary and alternative medicine in cancer pain management: A systematic review. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 21 (1), 105. doi: 10.4103/0973-1075.150202. |
[46] | Jibb, L. A, Nathan, P. C., Stevens, B. J., et al. (2015). Psychological and physical interventions for the management of cancer-related pain in pediatric and young adult patients: An integrative review. Oncology Nursing Society, 42 (6), 339. doi: 10.1188/15.ONF.E339-E357. |
[47] | Chen, T. H., Tung, T. H., Chen, P. S. (2016). The clinical effects of aromatherapy massage on reducing pain for the cancer patients: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. doi: 10.1155/2016/9147974. |
[48] | Doğan, H. D. (2014). Ellerin iyileştirme sanatı: Refleksoloji. Eur J Basic Med Sci, 4 (4), 89-94. doi: 10.15197/sabad.2.4.16. |
[49] | Uysal, N., ve Kutlutürkani, S. (2016). Kanserli bireylerde semptom kontrolünde refleksoloji uygulaması. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi, 12, 103-9. doi: 10.5350/BTDMJB201612301. |
[50] | Stephenson, C. S., Nancy, L. N., Swanson, M., et al. (2007). Partner-Delivered reflexology: Effects on cancer pain and anxiety. Oncology Nursing Forum, 34 (1), 127. doı: 10.1188/07.ONF.127-132. |
[51] | Uysal, N., Kutlutürkan, S., Uğur, I. (2017). Kolorektal kanserli hastalarda iki farklı yöntemle uygulanan ayak masajının semptom kontrolü üzerine etkisi: Randomize kontrol çalışması. Uluslararası Hemşirelik Uygulaması Dergisi, 23 (3), 25-32. doi: 10.5455/pmb.1-1406189204. |
[52] | Dikmen, H. A., ve Terzioglu, F. (2018). Effects of reflexology and progressive muscle relaxation on pain, fatigue, and quality of life during chemotherapy in gynecologic cancer patients. Pain Management Nursing. 20 (1), 47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2018.03.001. |
[53] | Tarrasch, R., Carmel-Neiderman, N. N., Ben-Ami, S. (2018). The effect of reflexology on the pain-insomnia-fatigue disturbance cluster of breast cancer patients during adjuvant radiation therapy. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 24 (1), 62-8. doi: 10.1089/acm.2017.0023. |
[54] | Tsay, S. L., Chen, H. L., Chen, S. C., et al. (2008). Effects of reflexotherapy on acute postoperative pain and anxiety among patients with digestive cancer. Cancer Nurs, 31, 109-15. doi: 10.1097/01.NCC.0000305694.74754.7b. |
[55] | Hodgson, N. A., & Lafferty, D. (2012). Reflexology versus swedish massage to reduce physiologic stres and pain ımprove mood in nursing home residents with cancer: A pilot trial. Evid Based Compl Altern Med, 5, 1-5. doi: 10.1155/2012/456897. |
[56] | Synder, M., & Lindguist, R. (2010). Complementary/Alternative Therapies in Nursing. 6nd ed. Springer Publishing Company. |
[57] | Zhang, Y., Shen, C., Peck, K., et al. (2012). Training self-administered acupressure exercise among postmenopausal women with osteoarthritic knee pain: a feasibility study and lessons learned. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 9, 1-9. doi: 10.1155/2012/570431. |
[58] | Li, W. L., Harris, E. R., Tsodikov, A., et al. (2017). Self-acupressure for older adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care & Research, 6, 1-32. doi: 10.1002/acr.23262. |
[59] | Chien, L., Glick, R., Van Londen, G., et al. (2015). Auricular point acupressure to manage symptom clusters of pain, fatigue and disturbed sleep in breast cancer patients. The Journal of Pain, 16 (4), 110. doı: 10.4172/2167-0846.1000199. |
[60] | Sharif Nia, H., Pahlevan Sharif, S., Yaghoobzadeh, A. (2017). Effect of acupressure on pain in Iranian leukemia patients: A randomized controlled trial study. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 23 (2), 1-10. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12513. |
[61] | Serçe, S., Ovayolu, Ö., Pirbudak, L., et al. (2018). The effect of acupressure on pain in cancer patients with bone metastasis: A nonrandomized controlled trial. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 17 (3), 728-36. doi: 10.1177/1534735418769153. |
[62] | Jane, S. W., Chen, S. L., Wilkie, D. J. (2011). Effects of massage on pain, mood status, relaxation, and sleep in Taiwanese patients with metastatic bone pain: A randomized clinical trial. Pain, 152 (10), 2432-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.06.021. |
[63] | Toth, M., Marcantonio, E. R., Davis, R. B., et al. (2013). Massage therapy for patients with metastatic cancer: a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med, 19 (7), 650-6. doi: 10.1089/acm.2012.0466. |
[64] | Cutshall, S. M., Mahapatra, S., Hynes, R. S. (2017). Hand massage for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy as outpatients: A pilot study. The Journal of Science and Healing, 13 (6), 393-99. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2017.06.007. |
[65] | Sağkal, T., ve Eşer, İ. (2011). Hemşirelikte yeni bir uygulama: Reiki dokunma terapisi. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi, (4) 1, 182-9. doi: 10.1155/2012/456897. |
[66] | Sağkal, T., Eşer, İ., Uyar, M. (2013). Reiki dokunma terapisinin ağrı ve anksiyete üzerine etkisi. Spatula DD, 3 (4), 141-6. doi: 10.5455/spatula.20131027113423. |
[67] | Demir, M., ve Can, G. (2013). Reiki. Sağlıkla Dergisi, 2, 56-7. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236902810. |
[68] | Demir, M., Can, G., Kelam, A. (2015). Effects of distant reiki on pain, anxiety and fatigue in oncology patients in Turkey: A pilot study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 16, 4859-62. doi: 10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.12.4859. |
[69] | Kirshbaum, M. N., Stead, M., Bartys, S. (2016). An exploratory study of reiki experiences in women who have cancer. Int J Palliat Nurs, 22 (4), 166-72. doi: 10.12968/ijpn.2016.22.4.166. |
[70] | Rosenbaum, M. S., & Velde, J. (2016). The Effects of yoga, massage, and reiki on patient well-being at a cancer resource center. Clin J Oncol Nurs, 20 (3), 77-81. doi: 10.1188/16.CJON.E77-E81. |
[71] | Sánchez Domínguez, J. (2016). The gift of the application of reiki therapy in cancer patients. Rev Enferm, 39 (6), 38-49. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309111612_THE_GIFT_OF_THE_APPLICATION_OF_REIKI_THERAPY_IN_CANCER_PATIENTS |
[72] | Çoban, A. (2005). Müzik Terapi. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları. |
[73] | Keenan, A., & Keithley, J. K. (2015). Integrative review: Effects of music on cancer pain in adults. Oncol Nurs Forum, 42 (6), 68-75. doi: 10.1188/15.ONF.E368-E375. |
[74] | Bradt, J., Dileo, C., Magill, L., et al. (2016). Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 15 (8), 1-10 doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub3. |
[75] | Bro, M. L., Jespersen, K. V., Hansen, J. B. (2018). Kind of blue: A systematic review and meta analysis of music interventions in cancer treatment. Psycho Oncology, 27 (2), 386-400. doi: 10.1002/pon.4470. |
[76] | Garza-Villarreal, E. A., Pando, V., Parsons, C., et al. (2017). Music-induced analgesia in chronic pain conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Pain Physician, 20, 597-610. https://www.painphysicianjournal.com/current/pdf?article=NDcwMw%3D%3D&journal=108 |
[77] | Lee, S. H., Song, E., Kim, S. K. (2015). Effects of oriental medicine music therapy in an ovarian cancer patient with so-eum-type constitution: A case report. İntegr Med Res, 4 (1), 48–52. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.12.002. |
[78] | Jourt-Pineaua, C., Guétinb, S., Védrinea, L., et al. (2013). Effets de la musicothérapie sur la douleur et l’anxiété des patients atteints de cancer hospitalisés et/ou suivis en service d’oncologie. Douleurs: Evaluation - Diagnostic – Traitement, 14 (4), 200–7. doi: 10.1016/j.douler.2013.03.011. |
[79] | Lovejoy NC, Tabor D, Matters M, et al. (2000). Cancer related depression: neurologic alterations and cognitive behavioral therapy. Oncology Nursing Forum, 27 (4), 677-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10833695 |
[80] | Kreitzer, M. J., & Sayder, M. (2002). Healing the heart: Integrating complemantary threapies and healing practices into the care of cardiovascular patients. Proggresive Cardiovascular Nursing, 17 (2), 73-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7117.2002.tb00272.x. |
[81] | Boscaglia, N., Clarke, D. M., Jobling, T. W., et al. (2005). The contribution of spirituality and spiritual coping to anxiety and depression in women with a recent diagnosis of gynecological cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 15 (5), 755-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2005.00248.x. |
[82] | Choumanova, I., Wanat, S., Barrett, R., et al. (2006). Religion and spirituality in coping with breast cancer: Perspective of Chilean women. The Breast Journal, 12 (4), 349-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1075-122X.2006.00274.x. |
[83] | Frick, E., Riedner, C., Fegg, M., et al. (2006). Clinical interview assessing cancer patients’ spiritual needs and preferences. Eur J Cancer Care, 15 (3), 238-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2005.00646.x. |
[84] | Anderson, K. O., Cohen, M. Z., Mendoza, T. R., et al. (2006). Brief cognitive-behavioral audiotape interventions for cancer-related pain: Immediate but not long-term effectiveness. Cancer, 107 (1), 207-14. doi: 10.1002/cncr.21964. |
[85] | Kurt, B., ve Kapucu, S. (2018). The effect of relaxation exercises on symptom severity in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: An open label non-randomized controlled clinical trial. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 22 (1), 54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.08.002. |
[86] | Çöçelli, P. L., Bacaksız, D. B., Ovayolu, N. (2008). Ağrı tedavisinde hemşirenin rolü. Gaziantep Tıp Dergisi, 14 (1), 53-8. Available from: file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/5000171278-5000442533-1-PB.pdf |
[87] | İnal, S., ve Canbulut, N. (2015). Çocuklarda işlemsel ağrı yönetiminde dikkati başka yöne çekme yöntemlerinin kullanılması. The Journal of Current Pediatrics, 13 (1), 116-21. doi: 10.4274/jcp.29292. |
[88] | Aslan, F. E. (2012). Ağrı değerlendirme yöntemleri. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 6 (1), 9-17. Available from: http://eskidergi.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/makale/598.pdf |
[89] | Aydın, A., ve Çilingir, D. (2016). Koroner arter baypas greft ameliyatı olan hastalarda nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerle ağrı yönetimi. Türkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci, 8 (2), 146-52. doi: 10.5336/nurses.2014-43196. |
[90] | Aghabati, N., Mohammadi, E., Esmaiel, Z. P. (2010). The effect of therapeutic touch on pain and fatigue of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. CAM, 7, 375-81. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nen006. |
[91] | Turan, N. (2015). Yoğun bakım ünitesinde terapötik dokunmanın önemi. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6 (3), 134-9. Available from: http://openaccess.acibadem.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11443/438/Derleme%203.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |
[92] | Tabatabaee, A., Tafreshi, M. Z., Rassouli, M., et al. (2016). Effect of therapeutic touch on pain related parameters in patients with cancer: A randomized clinical trial. Mater Sociomed, 28 (3), 220-3. doi: 10.5455/msm.2016.28.220-223. |
APA Style
Fadime Toru, Ebru Yıldız. (2019). Cancer Patients for Pain Complementaries and Integrated Approaches Used in Palliative Care. American Journal of Life Sciences, 7(6), 100-109. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11
ACS Style
Fadime Toru; Ebru Yıldız. Cancer Patients for Pain Complementaries and Integrated Approaches Used in Palliative Care. Am. J. Life Sci. 2019, 7(6), 100-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11
AMA Style
Fadime Toru, Ebru Yıldız. Cancer Patients for Pain Complementaries and Integrated Approaches Used in Palliative Care. Am J Life Sci. 2019;7(6):100-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11
@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11, author = {Fadime Toru and Ebru Yıldız}, title = {Cancer Patients for Pain Complementaries and Integrated Approaches Used in Palliative Care}, journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {6}, pages = {100-109}, doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20190706.11}, abstract = {Nowadays, nursing is an effective and indispensable member of the health team both in Turkey and in the world. Because people need care practices any point their life experiences that end in health, well-being, discomfort, disease and death. While palliative care practices, which are seen as key point of nursing practices among care needs, are only care for patients in the last stage of life, it is opinion that it is necessary to reduce the pain level and improve the quality of life according to the palliative care principles. Recent cancer patients constitute a significant part of patients receiving palliative care and have problems due to symptoms caused by chemotherapy treatment. Pain is the most feared outcome of these symptoms. Pharmacological treatment, pain, community, despite various educational practices, patients often complain of problem. It is important to create complementary and integrated approaches to palliative care for pain, which significantly affects the daily living activities and quality of life of patients. In addition, complementary and integrated care practices in palliative care help to prevent nursing from being a job-oriented profession and to focus on nursing role and practices, not medical applications.}, year = {2019} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer Patients for Pain Complementaries and Integrated Approaches Used in Palliative Care AU - Fadime Toru AU - Ebru Yıldız Y1 - 2019/10/31 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11 T2 - American Journal of Life Sciences JF - American Journal of Life Sciences JO - American Journal of Life Sciences SP - 100 EP - 109 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5737 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190706.11 AB - Nowadays, nursing is an effective and indispensable member of the health team both in Turkey and in the world. Because people need care practices any point their life experiences that end in health, well-being, discomfort, disease and death. While palliative care practices, which are seen as key point of nursing practices among care needs, are only care for patients in the last stage of life, it is opinion that it is necessary to reduce the pain level and improve the quality of life according to the palliative care principles. Recent cancer patients constitute a significant part of patients receiving palliative care and have problems due to symptoms caused by chemotherapy treatment. Pain is the most feared outcome of these symptoms. Pharmacological treatment, pain, community, despite various educational practices, patients often complain of problem. It is important to create complementary and integrated approaches to palliative care for pain, which significantly affects the daily living activities and quality of life of patients. In addition, complementary and integrated care practices in palliative care help to prevent nursing from being a job-oriented profession and to focus on nursing role and practices, not medical applications. VL - 7 IS - 6 ER -