Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers

Mike Alexandre; Emile Perez; Colette Lacabanne; Eric Dantras; Sophie Franceschi; Damien Coudeyre; Jean-Christophe Garrigues

doi:doi:10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers

Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, Damien Coudeyre, Jean-Christophe Garrigues

Published in Advances in Materials (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 6 November 2018 Accepted: 26 November 2018 Published: 18 December 2018

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Abstract

The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (< 20 µm). PolyEtherKetoneKetone (PEKK) is a high-performance polymer used as a matrix in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) or as a sizing agent. To limit the formulation steps and the use of organic solvents, the sonofragmentation process can be used to deagglomerate polymers, directly in the final aqueous formulation. The sonofragmentation process is controlled by multiple parameters and, in order to identify the key parameters, a quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) study was performed using artificial neural networks (ANN). The 40 formulations of this study were characterized with the aim of quantifying the sonofragmentation effect. Various physicochemical techniques were used: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), destabilization velocity of the dispersions by analytical centrifugation, and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that only two parameters (mass concentration of surfactant and duration of sonication) had a notable effect on the sonofragmentation process. By controlling these two parameters, it was possible to define a design space in the stability domain of the formulations and to calculate a sonofragmentation efficiency (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) < 20 µm. In optimized aqueous formulations, the majority of particles should have Ps < 20 µm.

Published in	Advances in Materials (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
Page(s)	118-127
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Processing Technologies, Quantitative Structure Property Relationship, Aqueous Formulations, Polymer Composites, Thermoplastic Sizing, PEKK, Artificial Neural Network

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Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, et al. (2018). Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Advances in Materials, 7(4), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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ACS Style

Mike Alexandre; Emile Perez; Colette Lacabanne; Eric Dantras; Sophie Franceschi, et al. Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Adv. Mater. 2018, 7(4), 118-127. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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AMA Style

Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, et al. Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Adv Mater. 2018;7(4):118-127. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20180704.14,
  author = {Mike Alexandre and Emile Perez and Colette Lacabanne and Eric Dantras and Sophie Franceschi and Damien Coudeyre and Jean-Christophe Garrigues},
  title = {Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {118-127},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20180704.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20180704.14},
  abstract = {The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) Ps < 20 µm.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers
AU  - Mike Alexandre
AU  - Emile Perez
AU  - Colette Lacabanne
AU  - Eric Dantras
AU  - Sophie Franceschi
AU  - Damien Coudeyre
AU  - Jean-Christophe Garrigues
Y1  - 2018/12/18
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DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
T2  - Advances in Materials
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JO  - Advances in Materials
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AB  - The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) Ps < 20 µm.
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Author Information

Mike Alexandre

Institute of Technology Antoine de Saint Exupéry, Toulouse, France
Emile Perez

Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
Colette Lacabanne

Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
Eric Dantras

Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
Sophie Franceschi

Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
Damien Coudeyre

Institute of Technology Antoine de Saint Exupéry, Toulouse, France
Jean-Christophe Garrigues

Interactions Moléculaires Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique Laboratory, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France

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APA Style

Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, et al. (2018). Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Advances in Materials, 7(4), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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ACS Style

Mike Alexandre; Emile Perez; Colette Lacabanne; Eric Dantras; Sophie Franceschi, et al. Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Adv. Mater. 2018, 7(4), 118-127. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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AMA Style

Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, et al. Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers. Adv Mater. 2018;7(4):118-127. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20180704.14,
  author = {Mike Alexandre and Emile Perez and Colette Lacabanne and Eric Dantras and Sophie Franceschi and Damien Coudeyre and Jean-Christophe Garrigues},
  title = {Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {118-127},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20180704.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20180704.14},
  abstract = {The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) Ps < 20 µm.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers
AU  - Mike Alexandre
AU  - Emile Perez
AU  - Colette Lacabanne
AU  - Eric Dantras
AU  - Sophie Franceschi
AU  - Damien Coudeyre
AU  - Jean-Christophe Garrigues
Y1  - 2018/12/18
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 118
EP  - 127
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
AB  - The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) Ps < 20 µm.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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