Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda

William Ochen; Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga; Bosco Oruru

doi:doi:10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda

William Ochen, Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga, Bosco Oruru

Published in Advances in Materials (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 18 January 2019 Accepted: 22 February 2019 Published: 18 March 2019

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Abstract

The presence of quartz particle size (> 45 µm) has a deleterious effect on physio-mechanical properties of porcelain tiles. The effect is due to various factors including microstructure (pore) after sintering. This study aims at investigating the effect of quartz particle size (QPS) on sintering behavior and flexural strength of porcelain tiles made from raw materials in Uganda. Samples containing fine, medium and coarse QPS were pressed at 40 MPa, fired from 1150-1350°C at a firing rate of 60°C/min, and soaked for 1 hour. The influence of QPS on linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength was determined. Microstructure analysis of the fired samples was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and phase identification was studies using x-ray diffraction. The SEM showed large-interconnected pores for coarse QPS, and smaller-isolated pores for fine QPS. At optimum sintering temperature, samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS had values of 0.47, 0.9 and 7.1% water absorption respectively. Pressed tiles with ≤5% water absorption are classified as group BIa(porcelain tiles) and those > 0.5-≤3% as group BIb suitable as floor or wall tiles (ISO 13006). Also, the average flexural strength of 33, 18 and 8 MPa was exhibited by samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS respectively. The results indicate that only samples with fine and medium QPS satisfy the requirement ≥ 35±2 MPa and > 12 MPa for floor and wall tiles respectively (ISO 13006).

Published in	Advances in Materials (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.am.20190801.15
Page(s)	33-40
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Quartz, Porcelain, Sintering, Flexural Strength

References

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APA Style

William Ochen, Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga, Bosco Oruru. (2019). Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Advances in Materials, 8(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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ACS Style

William Ochen; Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga; Bosco Oruru. Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Adv. Mater. 2019, 8(1), 33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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AMA Style

William Ochen, Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga, Bosco Oruru. Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Adv Mater. 2019;8(1):33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20190801.15,
  author = {William Ochen and Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga and Bosco Oruru},
  title = {Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {33-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20190801.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20190801.15},
  abstract = {The presence of quartz particle size (> 45 µm) has a deleterious effect on physio-mechanical properties of porcelain tiles. The effect is due to various factors including microstructure (pore) after sintering. This study aims at investigating the effect of quartz particle size (QPS) on sintering behavior and flexural strength of porcelain tiles made from raw materials in Uganda. Samples containing fine, medium and coarse QPS were pressed at 40 MPa, fired from 1150-1350°C at a firing rate of 60°C/min, and soaked for 1 hour. The influence of QPS on linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength was determined. Microstructure analysis of the fired samples was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and phase identification was studies using x-ray diffraction. The SEM showed large-interconnected pores for coarse QPS, and smaller-isolated pores for fine QPS. At optimum sintering temperature, samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS had values of 0.47, 0.9 and 7.1% water absorption respectively. Pressed tiles with ≤5% water absorption are classified as group BIa(porcelain tiles) and those > 0.5-≤3% as group BIb suitable as floor or wall tiles (ISO 13006). Also, the average flexural strength of 33, 18 and 8 MPa was exhibited by samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS respectively. The results indicate that only samples with fine and medium QPS satisfy the requirement ≥ 35±2 MPa and > 12 MPa for floor and wall tiles respectively (ISO 13006).},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda
AU - William Ochen
AU - Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga
AU - Bosco Oruru
Y1 - 2019/03/18
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15
DO - 10.11648/j.am.20190801.15
T2 - Advances in Materials
JF - Advances in Materials
JO - Advances in Materials
SP - 33
EP - 40
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2327-252X
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15
AB - The presence of quartz particle size (> 45 µm) has a deleterious effect on physio-mechanical properties of porcelain tiles. The effect is due to various factors including microstructure (pore) after sintering. This study aims at investigating the effect of quartz particle size (QPS) on sintering behavior and flexural strength of porcelain tiles made from raw materials in Uganda. Samples containing fine, medium and coarse QPS were pressed at 40 MPa, fired from 1150-1350°C at a firing rate of 60°C/min, and soaked for 1 hour. The influence of QPS on linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength was determined. Microstructure analysis of the fired samples was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and phase identification was studies using x-ray diffraction. The SEM showed large-interconnected pores for coarse QPS, and smaller-isolated pores for fine QPS. At optimum sintering temperature, samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS had values of 0.47, 0.9 and 7.1% water absorption respectively. Pressed tiles with ≤5% water absorption are classified as group BIa(porcelain tiles) and those > 0.5-≤3% as group BIb suitable as floor or wall tiles (ISO 13006). Also, the average flexural strength of 33, 18 and 8 MPa was exhibited by samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS respectively. The results indicate that only samples with fine and medium QPS satisfy the requirement ≥ 35±2 MPa and > 12 MPa for floor and wall tiles respectively (ISO 13006).
VL - 8
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

William Ochen

Department of Physics, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga

Department of Physics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
Bosco Oruru

Department of Physics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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APA Style

William Ochen, Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga, Bosco Oruru. (2019). Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Advances in Materials, 8(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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ACS Style

William Ochen; Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga; Bosco Oruru. Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Adv. Mater. 2019, 8(1), 33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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AMA Style

William Ochen, Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga, Bosco Oruru. Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda. Adv Mater. 2019;8(1):33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190801.15

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20190801.15,
  author = {William Ochen and Florence Mutonyi D’ujanga and Bosco Oruru},
  title = {Effect of Quartz Particle Size on Sintering Behavior and Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Made from Raw Materials in Uganda},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {33-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20190801.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190801.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20190801.15},
  abstract = {The presence of quartz particle size (> 45 µm) has a deleterious effect on physio-mechanical properties of porcelain tiles. The effect is due to various factors including microstructure (pore) after sintering. This study aims at investigating the effect of quartz particle size (QPS) on sintering behavior and flexural strength of porcelain tiles made from raw materials in Uganda. Samples containing fine, medium and coarse QPS were pressed at 40 MPa, fired from 1150-1350°C at a firing rate of 60°C/min, and soaked for 1 hour. The influence of QPS on linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength was determined. Microstructure analysis of the fired samples was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and phase identification was studies using x-ray diffraction. The SEM showed large-interconnected pores for coarse QPS, and smaller-isolated pores for fine QPS. At optimum sintering temperature, samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS had values of 0.47, 0.9 and 7.1% water absorption respectively. Pressed tiles with ≤5% water absorption are classified as group BIa(porcelain tiles) and those > 0.5-≤3% as group BIb suitable as floor or wall tiles (ISO 13006). Also, the average flexural strength of 33, 18 and 8 MPa was exhibited by samples with fine, medium and coarse QPS respectively. The results indicate that only samples with fine and medium QPS satisfy the requirement ≥ 35±2 MPa and > 12 MPa for floor and wall tiles respectively (ISO 13006).},
 year = {2019}
}

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