Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia

Vesna Kostik; Bistra Angelovska; Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska; Biljana Bauer

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia

Vesna Kostik, Bistra Angelovska, Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska, Biljana Bauer

Published in Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 2 June 2014 Accepted: 12 June 2014 Published: 30 June 2014

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Abstract

The present study investigates pesticide residues in samples of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables produced in Republic of Macedonia. Investigations were carried out as a part of the National Monitoring Programme under the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). From September 2012 to June 2013, a total of 168 samples of different fresh vegetables: tomato, paprika, cucumber, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage; processed vegetables: pasteurized paprika, ketchup; fresh fruits: apple, acid cherry, table grapes and wine grapes; processed fruits: jams and canned fruits were tested on the presence of 33 pesticide residues. The QuEChERS procedure was used for sample preparation, except for dithiocarabamates and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques were applied for pesticide residues identification and determination. The results of the study showed that cucumber was the crop with the highest number of pesticide residues with the predominant presence of methomyl, (0.015-0.21 mg/kg), metalaxyl (0.04-0.16 mg/kg), and imidacloprid (0.017-0.036 mg/kg). Only two samples (1.19% of the total samples) contained one pesticide residue above the Maximum Residues Levels (MRLs). The results of the current study showed that 98.8% of the tested samples contained residues below the MRLs.

Published in	Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
Page(s)	124-129
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pesticide Residues, Fungicides, Insecticides, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS

References

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[6]	S.J. Lehotay, “Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulphate: collaborative study,” Journal of AOAC Int. vol. 90 (2), pp. 485-520, 2007.
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[13]	B. Kmellar, P. Fodor, L. Pareja, C. Ferrer, M.A.; Marti-nez-Uroz, A. Valverde and A.R Fernandez-Alba, “Validation and uncertainty study of a compre-hensive list of 160 pesticide residues in multi – class vegetables by liquid chromatography – tan-dem mass spectrometry,” Journal of Chromatography A., vol. 1215, pp. 37-50, 2008
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APA Style

Vesna Kostik, Bistra Angelovska, Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska, Biljana Bauer. (2014). Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2(4), 124-129. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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ACS Style

Vesna Kostik; Bistra Angelovska; Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska; Biljana Bauer. Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2014, 2(4), 124-129. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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AMA Style

Vesna Kostik, Bistra Angelovska, Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska, Biljana Bauer. Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. J Food Nutr Sci. 2014;2(4):124-129. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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@article{10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15,
  author = {Vesna Kostik and Bistra Angelovska and Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska and Biljana Bauer},
  title = {Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia},
  journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {124-129},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.20140204.15},
  abstract = {The present study investigates pesticide residues in samples of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables produced in Republic of Macedonia. Investigations were carried out as a part of the National Monitoring Programme under the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). From September 2012 to June 2013, a total of 168 samples of different fresh vegetables: tomato, paprika, cucumber, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage; processed vegetables: pasteurized paprika, ketchup; fresh fruits: apple, acid cherry, table grapes and wine grapes; processed fruits: jams and canned fruits were tested on the presence of 33 pesticide residues. The QuEChERS procedure was used for sample preparation, except for dithiocarabamates and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques were applied for pesticide residues identification and determination. The results of the study showed that cucumber was the crop with the highest number of pesticide residues with the predominant presence of methomyl, (0.015-0.21 mg/kg), metalaxyl (0.04-0.16 mg/kg), and imidacloprid (0.017-0.036 mg/kg). Only two samples (1.19% of the total samples) contained one pesticide residue above the Maximum Residues Levels (MRLs). The results of the current study showed that 98.8% of the tested samples contained residues below the MRLs.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia
AU  - Vesna Kostik
AU  - Bistra Angelovska
AU  - Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska
AU  - Biljana Bauer
Y1  - 2014/06/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
T2  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JF  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JO  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
SP  - 124
EP  - 129
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7293
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
AB  - The present study investigates pesticide residues in samples of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables produced in Republic of Macedonia. Investigations were carried out as a part of the National Monitoring Programme under the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). From September 2012 to June 2013, a total of 168 samples of different fresh vegetables: tomato, paprika, cucumber, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage; processed vegetables: pasteurized paprika, ketchup; fresh fruits: apple, acid cherry, table grapes and wine grapes; processed fruits: jams and canned fruits were tested on the presence of 33 pesticide residues. The QuEChERS procedure was used for sample preparation, except for dithiocarabamates and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques were applied for pesticide residues identification and determination. The results of the study showed that cucumber was the crop with the highest number of pesticide residues with the predominant presence of methomyl, (0.015-0.21 mg/kg), metalaxyl (0.04-0.16 mg/kg), and imidacloprid (0.017-0.036 mg/kg). Only two samples (1.19% of the total samples) contained one pesticide residue above the Maximum Residues Levels (MRLs). The results of the current study showed that 98.8% of the tested samples contained residues below the MRLs.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Vesna Kostik

Faculty of Medical Science, Department of Pharmacy, University “Goce Delchev”, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia
Bistra Angelovska

Faculty of Medical Science, Department of Pharmacy, University “Goce Delchev”, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia
Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska

Department of Pharmacy, University Goce Delchev, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia
Biljana Bauer

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

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APA Style

Vesna Kostik, Bistra Angelovska, Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska, Biljana Bauer. (2014). Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2(4), 124-129. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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ACS Style

Vesna Kostik; Bistra Angelovska; Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska; Biljana Bauer. Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2014, 2(4), 124-129. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

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AMA Style

Vesna Kostik, Bistra Angelovska, Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska, Biljana Bauer. Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia. J Food Nutr Sci. 2014;2(4):124-129. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15,
  author = {Vesna Kostik and Bistra Angelovska and Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska and Biljana Bauer},
  title = {Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia},
  journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {124-129},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.20140204.15},
  abstract = {The present study investigates pesticide residues in samples of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables produced in Republic of Macedonia. Investigations were carried out as a part of the National Monitoring Programme under the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). From September 2012 to June 2013, a total of 168 samples of different fresh vegetables: tomato, paprika, cucumber, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage; processed vegetables: pasteurized paprika, ketchup; fresh fruits: apple, acid cherry, table grapes and wine grapes; processed fruits: jams and canned fruits were tested on the presence of 33 pesticide residues. The QuEChERS procedure was used for sample preparation, except for dithiocarabamates and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques were applied for pesticide residues identification and determination. The results of the study showed that cucumber was the crop with the highest number of pesticide residues with the predominant presence of methomyl, (0.015-0.21 mg/kg), metalaxyl (0.04-0.16 mg/kg), and imidacloprid (0.017-0.036 mg/kg). Only two samples (1.19% of the total samples) contained one pesticide residue above the Maximum Residues Levels (MRLs). The results of the current study showed that 98.8% of the tested samples contained residues below the MRLs.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Pesticide Residues in Plant-Based Foods from the Republic of Macedonia
AU  - Vesna Kostik
AU  - Bistra Angelovska
AU  - Evgenija Kiroska-Petreska
AU  - Biljana Bauer
Y1  - 2014/06/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
T2  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JF  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JO  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
SP  - 124
EP  - 129
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7293
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.15
AB  - The present study investigates pesticide residues in samples of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables produced in Republic of Macedonia. Investigations were carried out as a part of the National Monitoring Programme under the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). From September 2012 to June 2013, a total of 168 samples of different fresh vegetables: tomato, paprika, cucumber, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage; processed vegetables: pasteurized paprika, ketchup; fresh fruits: apple, acid cherry, table grapes and wine grapes; processed fruits: jams and canned fruits were tested on the presence of 33 pesticide residues. The QuEChERS procedure was used for sample preparation, except for dithiocarabamates and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques were applied for pesticide residues identification and determination. The results of the study showed that cucumber was the crop with the highest number of pesticide residues with the predominant presence of methomyl, (0.015-0.21 mg/kg), metalaxyl (0.04-0.16 mg/kg), and imidacloprid (0.017-0.036 mg/kg). Only two samples (1.19% of the total samples) contained one pesticide residue above the Maximum Residues Levels (MRLs). The results of the current study showed that 98.8% of the tested samples contained residues below the MRLs.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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