Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings

Gabriel Gana Bake; Elizabeth Itunu Martins; Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

| Peer-Reviewed

Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings

Gabriel Gana Bake, Elizabeth Itunu Martins, Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 17 April 2014 Accepted: 6 May 2014 Published: 30 July 2014

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia seed meal (CDRM) in the practical diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings through their growth performance and nutrient utilization for 56 days. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 9.5% lipid, CDRM was included at different varying inclusion levels viz: 0, 10, 15 and 20 and were designated as D1 (0 % inclusion), D2 (10 % inclusion), D3 (15 % inclusion) and D4 (20 % inclusion). Each treatment was allocated to three tanks of twenty O. niloticus per tank with initial mean weight of 1.18±0.10g. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the survival rate of all the treatments, D2 has the highest value in percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency and protein retention, while D4 (20% inclusion) had the lowest value in all the growth parameters and feed utilization measured. However, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between fish fed D3 (15% inclusion) and D1 (control: 0% inclusion). Proximate composition result revealed that increase in the inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia lead to an increase in carcass lipid content and a decrease in the moisture content of the fish fed experimental diet. The results indicate 10-15% inclusion of Delonix regia seed meal improved growth performance and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
Page(s)	233-239
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Delonix Regia Seed Meal, Nile Tilapia, Growth Performance

References

[1]	Abdelghany, A. E. (2003). Partial and complete replacement of fishmeal withgambusia meal in diets for red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O.mossambicus). Aquaculture Nutrition9:145–154.
[2]	Abd El-Hakim N. F., Hussein M. S. and Abdel-HalimH. A. (2009) Effect ofpartial replacement of soybean meal protein with dehydrated alfalfa meal(Medicago sativa L.) on growth performance and feed utilization of maleNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings reared in tanks. Egypt J. Aquat. Biol. and Fish., Vol. 13, No. 2:35 – 52.
[3]	Ali, A.; Al-Asgah, N.A.; Al-Ogaily S.M. and Ali, S. (2003). Effect of feeding different levels of alfalfa meal on the growth performance and body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Asian. Fish.Soci-16: 1-2.
[4]	Bake, G. G., M. Endo, A. Akimoto and T. Takeuchi (2009) Evaluation of recycled food waste as a partial replacement of fishmeal in the diets for first feeding Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Fish. Sci., 75, 1275- 1283.
[5]	Balarin, J.D. and J.P. Halton, 1979. Tilapia: A guide to their biology and culture in Africa. University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
[6]	Balogun, J.K., Abdullahi, S.A., Auta, J. and Ogunlade (2004) Feed conversion, protein efficiency, digestibility and growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus fed Delonix regia meal . 19th Annual conference Processing’s of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON) Pp 823-831.
[7]	Borgeson, T. L., V. J. Racz, D. C. Wilkie, L. J. White, and M. D. Drew. (2006). Effect of replacement fishmeal and oil with simple or complex mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).Aquaculture Nutrition 12:141–149.
[8]	Burel, C., Boujard, T., Tulli, F., Kaushik, S.J., 2000a. Digestibility of extruded peas, extruded lupin, and rapeseed meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima). Aquaculture 188, 285–298.
[9]	Burel, C., Boujard, T., Escaffre, A.M., Kaushik, S.J., Boeuf, G., Mol, K., van der Geyten, S., Kuahn, E.R., 2000b. Dietary low glucosinolate rapeseed meal affects thyroid status and nutrient utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). British Journal of Nutrition 83, 653–664.
[10]	El-Saidy, D. M. S. D. and M. M. A. Gaber. (2003). Replacement of fish meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquaculture Research 34:1119–1127.
[11]	El-Saidy, D. M. S. D. and M. M. A. Gaber. (2004). Use of cottonseed mealsupplemented with iron for detoxification of gossypol as a total replacement of fish meal in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquaculture Research35:859–865.
[12]	Fagbenro O. A and Davis S. J, (2003). Use of high percentages soybean protein concentrate as fishmeal substitute in practical diets for African catfish, C. gariepinus (Burchell 1822): growth, feed utilization and digestibility J. Applied Aquac.. 16 (1).
[13]	Fapohunda O. O. (2012) Evaluation of Processed Soybean Meal in the Feeding of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings J Anim Sci Adv, 2(2): 244-249.
[14]	Fasakin, E. A., Balogun, A. M., and Fasuru, B. E. (1999). Use of duckweed, Spirodela polyrrhiza L. Schleiden, as a protein feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. Aquaculture Research 30:313–318.
[15]	Francis, G; Makkar, HPS; Becker, K (2001). Antinutritional factors present inplant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish.Aquaculture, 199, 197-227.
[16]	FAO. (2007). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (2006). Fisheriesand Aquaculture Department, FAO, Rome, 162 pp.
[17]	Gaber, M. M. (2006). The effects of plant-protein-based diets supplemented with yucca on growth, digestibility, and chemical composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L) fingerlings. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 37:74–81.
[18]	Gatlin III, D.M., Barrows, F.T., Brown, P., Dabrowski, K., Gaylord, G.T., Hardy, R.W.,Herman, E., Hu, G., Krogdahl, Å., Nelson, R., Overturf, K., Rust, M., Sealey, W., Skonberg, D., Souza, J.E., Stone, D., Wilson, R., Wurtele, E., (2007). Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products inaquafeeds: a review. Aquaculture Research 38, 551-579.
[19]	Gaylord, T.G. Rawles, S.D., (2005). The modification off poultry by-product meal for use in hybrid striped bass Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis diets. Journalof the World Aquaculture Society 36, 365–376.
[20]	Glencross, BD; Booth, M; Allan, GL (2007). A feed is only as good as its ingredients – A review of ingredient evaluation strategies for aquaculture feeds. Aquac. Nutr., 13, 17-34.
[21]	Grant, G., I.J. Moore, N.H. Mckenzie, P.M. Doward, J.C. Stewart, L. Teleck and A.Psuztai, (1991). A Survey of Haemaglutination Properties of Several Tropical Seeds. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 3: 1-7.
[22]	Green, B.W., D.R. Teichert-Coddington and P.R. Phelps. (1990). Response of tilapia yield and economics to varying rates of organic fertilization andseason in two Central American countries. Aquaculture 90: 279-290.
[23]	Guo, J., Wang, Y. and Bureau, D.P. (2007). Inclusion of rendered animal ingredients as fishmeal substitutes in practical diets for cuneate drum, Nibea miichthioides (Chu, Lo et Wu). Aquaculture Nutrition, 13:81–87.
[24]	Hardy, R.W., Sullivan, C.V., (1983). Canola meal in rainbow trout Salmogairdneri production diets. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40, 281 – 286.
[25]	Jauncey, K. and B. Ross. (1982). A Guide to Tilapia Feeds and Feeding. Institute ofAquaculture, University of Stirling, United Kingdom.
[26]	Jackson, AJ; Capper BS; Matty AJ (1982). Evaluation of some plant protein in complete dietsfor the tilapia Sarotherodon mossambicus. Aquaculture 27: 97-109.
[27]	Koprucu, K. and Ozdemir, C. (2005). Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 250:308-316.
[28]	Koumi, A.R., Atse, B.C. and Kouame, L.P., (2009). Utilization of soya protein as an alternative protein source in Oreochromis niloticus diet: Growth performance, feedutilization, proximate composition and organoleptic characteristics. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(1):091-097.
[29]	Kureshy, N., D. A. Davis, and C. R. Arnold. (2000). Partial replacement of fishmeal with meat and bone meal, fl ash dried poultry by-product meal, and enzyme-digested poultry by-product meal in practical diets forjuvenile red drum. North American Journal of Aquaculture 62:266–272.
[30]	Mbahinzireki, GB; Dabrowski, K; Lee, KJ; El-Saidy, D; Wisner, ER (2001). Growth, feed utilization and body composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed with cottonseed meal-based diets in a recirculating system. Aquac. Nutr.7, 189-200.
[31]	National Research Council, (NRC) (1993). Nutrient Requirements of Fish.NationalAcademy Press, Washington, DC, 128 p.
[32]	Nyirenda, J., Mwabumba, M., Kaunda, E. and Sales, J.,( 2000). Effect of Substituting Animal Protein Sources with Soybean Meal in Diets of Oreochromis karongae (Trewavas, 1941). Naga, The ICLARM Quarterly, 23(4):13-15.
[33]	Ovie S. O., and Ovie S. I. (2007). The effect of replacing Fishmeal with 10% of Groundnut cake in the diets of H. longifilis on its Growth, Food conversion and Survival. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage.Vol. 11(3) 87 – 90.
[34]	Purseglove, J.W. (1994) Tropical crops: Dicotyledons. Longman, London, U.K. p 122.
[35]	Richter, N., P. Siddhuraju, and K. Becker. (2003). Evaluation of nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves as an alternative protein source for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture 217:599–611.
[36]	Siddhuraju, P. and K. Becker (2003) Comparative nutritional evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck), on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquacult. Res.,34, 487-500.
[37]	Tacon, A. G. J. (1993). Feed ingredients for warm water fish. Fishmeal and other processed feedstuffs. FAO Fish. Circ. No. 856, FAO, Rome, Italy, 64 pp.
[38]	Takeuchi, T. (1988) Laboratory work- Chemical evaluation of dietary nutrients. In:Fish nutrition and Mariculture. JICA Textbook, the General Aquaculture Course. (ed.by T. Watanabe). Kanagawa International Fisheries Training Centre, JapanInternational Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, pp. 179-233.
[39]	Tiamiyu, L. O., Solomon, S. G., and Oketa, E. J. (2006). Effects of different boilingtime of soyabean (Glycine Max (L) Merril) on growth performance of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Journal of Aquatic Sciences 21(1): 15-18.
[40]	Wang, Y., Guo, J., Bureau, D.P., Cui, Z., (2006). Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of Cuneate drum, Nibea miichthioides. Aquaculture 252, 421–428.
[41]	Webster, C. D., K. R. Thompson, A. M. Morgan, E. J. Grisby, and A. L. Gannam.(2000). Use of hempseed meal, poultry by-product meal, and canola meal in practical diets without fishmeal for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis). Aquaculture188: 299–30.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Gabriel Gana Bake, Elizabeth Itunu Martins, Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. (2014). Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(4), 233-239. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Gabriel Gana Bake; Elizabeth Itunu Martins; Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agric. For. Fish. 2014, 3(4), 233-239. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Gabriel Gana Bake, Elizabeth Itunu Martins, Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agric For Fish. 2014;3(4):233-239. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14,
  author = {Gabriel Gana Bake and Elizabeth Itunu Martins and Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku},
  title = {Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {233-239},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20140304.14},
  abstract = {A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia seed meal (CDRM) in the practical diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings through their growth performance and nutrient utilization for 56 days. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 9.5% lipid, CDRM was included at different varying inclusion levels viz: 0, 10, 15 and 20 and were designated as D1 (0 % inclusion), D2 (10 % inclusion), D3 (15 % inclusion) and D4 (20 % inclusion). Each treatment was allocated to three tanks of twenty O. niloticus per tank with initial mean weight of 1.18±0.10g. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the survival rate of all the treatments, D2 has the highest value in percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency and protein retention, while D4 (20% inclusion) had the lowest value in all the growth parameters and feed utilization measured. However, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between fish fed D3 (15% inclusion) and D1 (control: 0% inclusion). Proximate composition result revealed that increase in the inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia lead to an increase in carcass lipid content and a decrease in the moisture content of the fish fed experimental diet. The results indicate 10-15% inclusion of Delonix regia seed meal improved growth performance and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings
AU  - Gabriel Gana Bake
AU  - Elizabeth Itunu Martins
AU  - Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku
Y1  - 2014/07/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 233
EP  - 239
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
AB  - A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia seed meal (CDRM) in the practical diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings through their growth performance and nutrient utilization for 56 days. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 9.5% lipid, CDRM was included at different varying inclusion levels viz: 0, 10, 15 and 20 and were designated as D1 (0 % inclusion), D2 (10 % inclusion), D3 (15 % inclusion) and D4 (20 % inclusion). Each treatment was allocated to three tanks of twenty O. niloticus per tank with initial mean weight of 1.18±0.10g. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the survival rate of all the treatments, D2 has the highest value in percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency and protein retention, while D4 (20% inclusion) had the lowest value in all the growth parameters and feed utilization measured. However, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between fish fed D3 (15% inclusion) and D1 (control: 0% inclusion). Proximate composition result revealed that increase in the inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia lead to an increase in carcass lipid content and a decrease in the moisture content of the fish fed experimental diet. The results indicate 10-15% inclusion of Delonix regia seed meal improved growth performance and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Gabriel Gana Bake

Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, School of Agric and Agric Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna Minna Niger state, Nigeria
Elizabeth Itunu Martins

Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, School of Agric and Agric Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna Minna Niger state, Nigeria
Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku

Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, School of Agric and Agric Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna Minna Niger state, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Gabriel Gana Bake, Elizabeth Itunu Martins, Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. (2014). Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(4), 233-239. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Gabriel Gana Bake; Elizabeth Itunu Martins; Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agric. For. Fish. 2014, 3(4), 233-239. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Gabriel Gana Bake, Elizabeth Itunu Martins, Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku. Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings. Agric For Fish. 2014;3(4):233-239. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14,
  author = {Gabriel Gana Bake and Elizabeth Itunu Martins and Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku},
  title = {Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {233-239},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20140304.14},
  abstract = {A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia seed meal (CDRM) in the practical diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings through their growth performance and nutrient utilization for 56 days. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 9.5% lipid, CDRM was included at different varying inclusion levels viz: 0, 10, 15 and 20 and were designated as D1 (0 % inclusion), D2 (10 % inclusion), D3 (15 % inclusion) and D4 (20 % inclusion). Each treatment was allocated to three tanks of twenty O. niloticus per tank with initial mean weight of 1.18±0.10g. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the survival rate of all the treatments, D2 has the highest value in percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency and protein retention, while D4 (20% inclusion) had the lowest value in all the growth parameters and feed utilization measured. However, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between fish fed D3 (15% inclusion) and D1 (control: 0% inclusion). Proximate composition result revealed that increase in the inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia lead to an increase in carcass lipid content and a decrease in the moisture content of the fish fed experimental diet. The results indicate 10-15% inclusion of Delonix regia seed meal improved growth performance and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nutritional Evaluation of Varying Levels of Cooked Flamboyant Seed Meal (Delonix Regia) on the Growth Performance and Body Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fingerlings
AU  - Gabriel Gana Bake
AU  - Elizabeth Itunu Martins
AU  - Suleiman Omeiza Eku Sadiku
Y1  - 2014/07/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 233
EP  - 239
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140304.14
AB  - A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia seed meal (CDRM) in the practical diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings through their growth performance and nutrient utilization for 56 days. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 9.5% lipid, CDRM was included at different varying inclusion levels viz: 0, 10, 15 and 20 and were designated as D1 (0 % inclusion), D2 (10 % inclusion), D3 (15 % inclusion) and D4 (20 % inclusion). Each treatment was allocated to three tanks of twenty O. niloticus per tank with initial mean weight of 1.18±0.10g. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the survival rate of all the treatments, D2 has the highest value in percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency and protein retention, while D4 (20% inclusion) had the lowest value in all the growth parameters and feed utilization measured. However, there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between fish fed D3 (15% inclusion) and D1 (control: 0% inclusion). Proximate composition result revealed that increase in the inclusion level of cooked Delonix regia lead to an increase in carcass lipid content and a decrease in the moisture content of the fish fed experimental diet. The results indicate 10-15% inclusion of Delonix regia seed meal improved growth performance and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download